HOTLinkTM Transmitter/Receiver
CY7B923
CY7B933
Cypress Semiconductor Corporation
3901 North First Street
San Jose
CA 95134
408-943-2600
April 5, 1999
Features
Fibre Channel compliant
IBM ESCON
compliant
DVB-ASI compliant
ATM compliant
8B/10B-coded or 10-bit unencoded
Standard HOTLink: 160330 Mbps
High Speed HOTLink: 160400 Mbps for high speed ap-
plications
Low Speed HOTLink: 150160 Mbps for Low Cost Fiber
applications
TTL synchronous I/O
No external PLL components
Triple PECL 100K serial outputs
Dual PECL 100K serial inputs
Low power: 350 mW (Tx), 650 mW (Rx)
Compatible with fiber-optic modules, coaxial cable, and
twisted pair media
Built-In Self-Test
Single +5V supply
28-pin SOIC/PLCC/LCC
0.8
BiCMOS
Functional Description
The CY7B923 HOTLinkTM Transmitter and CY7B933 HOTLink
Receiver are point-to-point communications building blocks
that transfer data over high-speed serial links (fiber, coax, and
twisted pair). Standard HOTLink data rates range from
160-330 Mbits/second. Higher speed HOTLink is also avail-
able for high speed applications (160-400 Mbits/second), as
well as for those Low Cost applications HOTLink-155 (150-160
Mbits/second operations). Figure 1 illustrates typical connec-
tions to host systems or controllers.
Eight bits of user data or protocol information are loaded into
the HOTLink transmitter and are encoded. Serial data is shift-
ed out of the three differential positive ECL (PECL) serial ports
at the bit rate (which is 10 times the byte rate).
The HOTLink receiver accepts the serial bit stream at its dif-
ferential line receiver inputs and, using a completely integrated
PLL Clock Synchronizer, recovers the timing information nec-
essary for data reconstruction. The bit stream is deserialized,
decoded, and checked for transmission errors. Recovered
bytes are presented in parallel to the receiving host along with
a byte-rate clock.
The 8B/10B encoder/decoder can be disabled in systems that
already encode or scramble the transmitted data. I/O signals
are available to create a seamless interface with both asyn-
chronous FIFOs (i.e., CY7C42X) and clocked FIFOs (i.e.,
CY7C44X). A Built-In Self-Test pattern generator and checker
allows testing of the transmitter, receiver, and the connecting
link as a part of a system diagnostic check.
HOTLink devices are ideal for a variety of applications where
a parallel interface can be replaced with a high-speed
point-to-point serial link. Applications include interconnecting
workstations, servers, mass storage, and video transmission
equipment.
HOTLink is a trademark of cypress Semiconductor Corporation.
ESCON is a registered trademark of IBM.
CY7B923 Transmitter Logic Block Diagram
B9231
INPUT REGISTER
D
0
-
7
(D
b
-
h
)
SC/D (D
a
)
SVS(D
j
)
ENABLE
ENCODER
SHIFTER
OUTA
OUTB
OUTC
FOTO
CKW
CLOCK
GENERATOR
ENA
ENN
RP
TEST
LOGIC
MODE
BISTEN
CY7B933 Receiver Logic Block Diagram
B9232
RF
A/B
INA+
INB (INB+)
SO
REFCLK
MODE
BISTEN
PECL
TTL
TEST
LOGIC
CLOCK
SYNC
CKR
RDY
SC/D (Q
a
)
RVS(Q
j
)
Q
0
-
7
(Q
b
-
h
)
OUTPUT
REGISTER
DECODER
DECODER
REGISTER
SHIFTER
FRAMER
DATA
INA
-
SI(INB
-
)
CY7B923
CY7B933
2
Figure 1. HOTLink System Connections
P
R
OT
OCOL
LO
G
I
C
HOST
TR
A
N
SM
IT
M
ESSA
G
E
BUFF
ER
7B
9
2
3
TR
AN
S
M
I
T
TE
R
SERIAL LINK
7B
9
3
3
RECEI
VER
RECEI
V
E
M
ESSA
G
E
BUFF
ER
P
R
OT
OCOL
LO
G
I
C
HOST
B9233
CY7B923 Transmitter Pin Configurations
SC/D(D
a
)
SVS(D
j
)
OUTB
-
OUTC
-
OUTC+
V
CCN
BISTEN
GND
MODE
RP
V
CCQ
(D
h
) D
7
(D
g
)D
6
(D
f
)D
5
(D
i
)D
4
OUTB+
OUTA+
OUTA
-
FOTO
ENN
ENA
V
CCQ
CKW
GND
D
0
(D
b
)
D
2
(D
d
)
D
1
(D
c
)
D
3
(D
e
)
B9234
B9235
4 3
1
2
28
8
9
7
6
5
22
21
23
24
25
1213
15
14
16
PLCC/LCC
Top View
10
11
20
19
2726
1718
FOTO
ENN
ENA
V
CCQ
CKW
GND
SC/D(D
a
)
BISTEN
GND
MODE
RP
V
CCQ
SVS(D
j
)
(D
h
)D
7
6
D
V
OUT
C
+
OUT
C
-
OUT
B
+
OUT
A
+
OUT
A
-
OUT
B
-
SOIC
Top View
7B923
7B923
5
D
4
D
3
D
2
D
1
D
0
D
CCN
d
(D
)
e
(D
)
i
(D
)
f
(D
)
g
(D
)
c
(D
)
b
(D
)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
15
16
17
18
19
20
24
23
22
21
13
14
25
28
27
26
CY7B933 Receiver Pin Configurations
SC/D (Q
a
)
INA
-
INA+
A/B
BISTEN
RF
GND
RDY
GND
V
CCN
RVS(Q
j
)
(Q
h
) Q
7
(Q
g
) Q
6
(Q
f
) Q
5
(Q
i
) Q
4
INB(INB+)
SI(INB
-
)
MODE
REFCLK
V
CCQ
SO
CKR
V
CCQ
GND
SC/D (Q
a
)
Q
0
(Q
b
)
Q
2
(Q
d
)
Q
1
(Q
c
)
Q
3
(Q
e
)
B9236
B9237
4 3
1
2
28
8
9
7
6
5
22
21
23
24
25
1213
15
14
16
PLCC/LCC
Top View
10
11
20
19
2726
1718
REFCLK
V
CCQ
SO
CKR
V
CCQ
GND
RF
GND
RDY
GND
V
CCN
RVS(Q
j
)
(Q
h
) Q
7
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
BIST
EN
A/B
IN
A+
INB (INB+
)
SI (
I
NB
-
)
MO
D
E
IN
A
-
SOIC
Top View
7B933
7B933
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
d
(Q
)
e
(Q
)
i
(Q
)
f
(Q
)
g
(Q
)
c
(Q
)
b
(Q
)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
15
16
17
18
19
20
24
23
22
21
13
14
25
28
27
26
CY7B923
CY7B933
3
Maximum Ratings
(Above which the useful life may be impaired. For user guide-
lines, not tested.)
Storage Temperature
......................................-
65
C to +150
C
Ambient Temperature with
Power Applied
..................................................-
55
C to +125
C
Supply Voltage to Ground Potential
................. -
0.5V to +7.0V
DC Input Voltage
................................................ -
0.5V to +7.0V
Output Current into TTL Outputs (LOW) ...................... 30 mA
Output Current into PECL outputs (HIGH)
...................-
50 mA
Static Discharge Voltage ........................................... >4001V
(per MIL
-
STD
-
883, Method 3015)
Latch-Up Current ..................................................... >200 mA
Pin Descriptions
Operating Range
Range
Ambient
Temperature
V
CC
Commercial
0
C to +70
C
5V
10%
Industrial
-
40
C to +85
C
5V
10%
Military
-
55
C to +125
C
Case Temperature
5V
10%
CY7B923 HOTLink Transmitter
Name
I/O
Description
D
0
-
7
(D
b
-
h
)
TTL In
Parallel Data Input. Data is clocked into the Transmitter on the rising edge of CKW if ENA is LOW
(or on the next rising CKW with ENN LOW). If ENA and ENN are HIGH, a Null character (K28.5) is
sent. When MODE is HIGH, D
0, 1, ...7
become D
b, c,...h
respectively.
SC/D (D
a
)
TTL In
Special Character/Data Select. A HIGH on SC/D when CKW rises causes the transmitter to encode
the pattern on D
0
-
7
as a control code (Special Character), while a LOW causes the data to be coded
using the 8B/10B data alphabet. When MODE is HIGH, SC/D (D
a
) acts as D
a
input. SC/D has the
same timing as D
0
-
7
.
SVS
(D
j
)
TTL In
Send Violation Symbol. If SVS is HIGH when CKW rises, a Violation symbol is encoded and sent
while the data on the parallel inputs is ignored. If SVS is LOW, the state of D
0
-
7
and SC/D determines
the code sent. In normal or test mode, this pin overrides the BIST generator and forces the trans-
mission of a Violation code. When MODE is HIGH (placing the transmitter in unencoded mode),
SVS (D
j
) acts as the D
j
input. SVS has the same timing as D
0
-
7
.
ENA
TTL In
Enable Parallel Data. If ENA is LOW on the rising edge of CKW, the data is loaded, encoded, and
sent. If ENA and ENN are HIGH, the data inputs are ignored and the Transmitter will insert a Null
character (K28.5) to fill the space between user data. ENA may be held HIGH/LOW continuously or
it may be pulsed with each data byte to be sent. If ENA is being used for data control, ENN will
normally be strapped HIGH, but can be used for BIST function control.
ENN
TTL In
Enable Next Parallel Data. If ENN is LOW, the data appearing on D
0
-
7
at the next rising edge of
CKW is loaded, encoded, and sent. If ENA and ENN are HIGH, the data appearing on D
0
-
7
at the
next rising edge of CKW will be ignored and the Transmitter will insert a Null character to fill the space
between user data. ENN may be held HIGH/LOW continuously or it may be pulsed with each data
byte sent. If ENN is being used for data control, ENA will normally be strapped HIGH, but can be
used for BIST function control.
CKW
TTL In
Clock Write. CKW is both the clock frequency reference for the multiplying PLL that generates the
high
-
speed transmit clock, and the byte rate write signal that synchronizes the parallel data input.
CKW must be connected to a crystal controlled time base that runs within the specified frequency
range of the Transmitter and Receiver.
FOTO
TTL In
Fiber Optic Transmitter Off. FOTO determines the function of two of the three PECL transmitter
output pairs. If FOTO is LOW, the data encoded by the Transmitter will appear at the outputs con-
tinuously. If FOTO is HIGH, OUTA
and OUTB
are forced to their "logic zero" state (OUT+ = LOW
and OUT
-
= HIGH), causing a fiber optic transmit module to extinguish its light output. OUTC is
unaffected by the level on FOTO, and can be used as a loop-back signal source for board-level
diagnostic testing.
CY7B923
CY7B933
4
OUTA
OUTB
OUTC
PECL Out Differential Serial Data Outputs. These PECL 100K outputs (+5V referenced) are capable of driving
terminated transmission lines or commercial fiber optic transmitter modules. Unused pairs of outputs
can be wired to V
CC
to reduce power if the output is not required. OUTA
and OUTB
are controlled by the
level on FOTO, and will remain at their "logical zero" states when FOTO is asserted. OUTC
is unaffected
by the level on FOTO. (OUTA+ and OUTB+ are used as a differential test clock input while in Test mode, i.e.,
MODE=UNCONNECTED or forced to V
CC
/2.)
MODE
3-Level In
Encoder Mode Select. The level on MODE determines the encoding method to be used. When
wired to GND, MODE selects 8B/10B encoding. When wired to V
CC
, data inputs bypass the encoder
and the bit pattern on D
a-j
goes directly to the shifter. When left floating (internal resistors hold the input at
V
CC
/2) the internal bit-clock generator is disabled and OUTA+/OUTB+ become the differential bit clock to be
used for factory test. In typical applications MODE is wired to V
CC
or GND.
BISTEN
TTL In
Built-In Self-Test Enable. When BISTEN is LOW and ENA and ENN are HIGH, the transmitter sends an
alternating 1
-
0 pattern (D10.2 or D21.5). When either ENA or ENN is set LOW and BISTEN is LOW, the
transmitter begins a repeating test sequence that allows the Transmitter and Receiver to work together to test
the function of the entire link. In normal use this input is held HIGH or wired to V
CC
. The BIST generator is
a free-running pattern generator that need not be initialized, but if required, the BIST sequence can be
initialized by momentarily asserting SVS while BISTEN is LOW. BISTEN has the same timing as D
0
-
7
.
RP
TTL Out
Read Pulse. RP is a 60% LOW duty-cycle byte-rate pulse train suitable for the read pulse in CY7C42X
FIFOs. The frequency on RP is the same as CKW when enabled by ENA, and duty cycle is independent of
the CKW duty cycle. Pulse widths are set by logic internal to the transmitter. In BIST mode, RP will remain
HIGH for all but the last byte of a test loop. RP will pulse LOW one byte time per BIST loop.
V
CCN
Power for output drivers.
V
CCQ
Power for internal circuitry.
GND
Ground.
CY7B923 HOTLink Transmitter (continued)
Name
I/O
Description
CY7B933 HOTLink Receiver
Name
I/O
Description
Q
0
-
7
(Q
b
-
h
)
TTL Out
Q
0
-
7
Parallel Data Output. Q
0
-
7
contain the most recently received data. These outputs change synchro-
nously with CKR. When MODE is HIGH, Q
0, 1, ...7
become Q
b, c,...h
respectively.
SC/D (Q
a
)
TTL Out
Special Character/Data Select. SC/D indicates the context of received data. HIGH indicates a Control
(Special Character) code, LOW indicates a Data character. When MODE is HIGH (placing the receiver in
Unencoded mode), SC/D acts as the Q
a
output. SC/D has the same timing as Q
0
-
7
.
RVS (Q
j
)
TTL Out
Received Violation Symbol. A HIGH on RVS indicates that a code rule violation has been detected
in the received data stream. A LOW shows that no error has been detected. In BIST mode, a LOW
on RVS indicates correct operation of the Transmitter, Receiver, and link on a byte-by-byte basis.
When MODE is HIGH (placing the receiver in Unencoded mode), RVS acts as the Q
j
output. RVS has
the same timing as Q
0
-
7
.
RDY
TTL Out
Data Output Ready. A LOW pulse on RDY indicates that new data has been received and is ready to be
delivered. A missing pulse on RDY shows that the received data is the Null character (normally inserted by
the transmitter as a pad between data inputs). In BIST mode RDY will remain LOW for all but the last byte
of a test loop and will pulse HIGH one byte time per BIST loop.
CKR
TTL Out
Clock Read. This byte rate clock output is phase and frequency aligned to the incoming serial data
stream. RDY, Q
0
-
7
, SC/D, and RVS all switch synchronously with the rising edge of this output.
A/B
PECL in
Serial Data Input Select. This PECL 100K (+5V referenced) input selects INA or INB as the active
data input. If A/B is HIGH, INA is connected to the shifter and signals connected to INA will be decoded. If
A/B is LOW INB is selected.
INA
Diff In
Serial Data Input A. The differential signal at the receiver end of the communication link may be
connected to the differential input pairs INA
or INB
. Either the INA pair or the INB pair can be used as
the main data input and the other can be used as a loopback channel or as an alternative data input selected
by the state of A/B.
CY7B923
CY7B933
5
CY7B923 HOTLink Transmitter Block Diagram
Description
Input Register
The Input register holds the data to be processed by the HOT-
Link transmitter and allows the input timing to be made consis-
tent with standard FIFOs. The Input register is clocked by CKW
and loaded with information on the D
0
-
7
, SC/D, and SVS pins.
Two enable inputs (ENA and ENN) allow the user to choose when
data is loaded in the register. Asserting ENA (Enable, active LOW)
causes the inputs to be loaded in the register on the rising edge of
CKW. If ENN (Enable Next, active LOW) is asserted when CKW
rises, the data present on the inputs on the next rising edge of CKW
will be loaded into the Input register. If neither ENA nor ENN are
asserted LOW on the rising edge of CKW, then a SYNC (K28.5)
character is sent. These two inputs allow proper timing and function
for compatibility with either asynchronous FIFOs or clocked FIFOs
without external logic, as shown in
Figure 5.
In BIST mode, the Input register becomes the signature pat-
tern generator by logically converting the parallel Input register
into a Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR). When enabled,
this LFSR will generate a 511-byte sequence that includes all
Data and Special Character codes, including the explicit viola-
tion symbols. This pattern provides a predictable but pseu-
do-random sequence that can be matched to an identical
LFSR in the Receiver.
Encoder
The Encoder transforms the input data held by the Input reg-
ister into a form more suitable for transmission on a serial in-
terface link. The code used is specified by ANSI X3.230 (Fibre
Channel) and the IBM ESCON channel (code tables are at the
end of this datasheet). The eight D
0
-
7
data inputs are converted
to either a Data symbol or a Special Character, depending upon the
state of the SC/D input. If SC/D is HIGH, the data inputs represent
a control code and are encoded using the Special Character code
INB
(INB+)
PECL in
(Diff In)
Serial Data Input B. This pin is either a single-ended PECL data receiver (INB) or half of the INB
differential pair. If SO is wired to V
CC
, then INB
can be used as differential line receiver interchangeably
with INA
. If SO is normally connected and loaded, INB becomes a single-ended PECL 100K (+5V refer-
enced) serial data input. INB is used as the test clock while in Test mode.
SI
(INB
-
)
PECL in
(Diff In)
Status Input. This pin is either a single-ended PECL status monitor input (SI) or half of the INB
differential pair. If SO is wired to V
CC
, then INB
can be used as differential line receiver interchangeably
with INA
. If SO is normally connected and loaded, SI becomes a single-ended PECL 100K (+5V referenced)
status monitor input, which is translated into a TTL-level signal at the SO pin.
SO
TTL Out
Status Out. SO is the TTL-translated output of SI. It is typically used to translate the Carrier Detect
output from a fiber-optic receiver connected to SI. When this pin is normally connected and loaded
(without any external pull-up resistor), SO will assume the same logical level as SI and INB will
become a single-ended PECL serial data input. If the status monitor translation is not desired, then
SO may be wired to V
CC
and the INB
pair may be used as a differential serial data input.
RF
TTL In
Reframe Enable. RF controls the Framer logic in the Receiver. When RF is held HIGH, each SYNC
(K28.5) symbol detected in the shifter will frame the data that follows. If is HIGH for 2,048 consecutive
bytes, the internal framer switches to double-byte mode. When RF is held LOW, the reframing logic
is disabled. The incoming data stream is then continuously deserialized and decoded using byte
boundaries set by the internal byte counter. Bit errors in the data stream will not cause alias SYNC
characters to reframe the data erroneously.
REFCLK
TTL In
Reference Clock. REFCLK is the clock frequency reference for the clock/data synchronizing PLL.
REFCLK sets the approximate center frequency for the internal PLL to track the incoming bit stream.
REFCLK must be connected to a crystal-controlled time base that runs within the frequency limits of
the Tx/Rx pair, and the frequency must be the same as the transmitter CKW frequency (within
CKW
0.1%).
MODE
3-Level In
Decoder Mode Select. The level on the MODE pin determines the decoding method to be used.
When wired to GND, MODE selects 8B/10B decoding. When wired to V
CC
, registered shifter contents
bypass the decoder and are sent to Q
a
-
j
directly. When left floating (internal resistors hold the MODE pin at
V
CC
/2) the internal bit clock generator is disabled and INB becomes the bit rate test clock to be used for factory
test. In typical applications, MODE is wired to V
CC
or GND.
BISTEN
TTL In
Built-In Self-Test Enable. When BISTEN is LOW the Receiver awaits a D0.0 (sent once per BIST loop)
character and begins a continuous test sequence that tests the functionality of the Transmitter, the Receiver,
and the link connecting them. In BIST mode the status of the test can be monitored with RDY and RVS
outputs. In normal use BISTEN is held HIGH or wired to V
CC
. BISTEN has the same timing as Q
0
-
7
.
V
CCN
Power for output drivers.
V
CCQ
Power for internal circuitry.
GND
Ground.
CY7B933 HOTLink Receiver (continued)
Name
I/O
Description
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