1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

FEATURES

Full-wave commutation (using push-pull output stages)
without position sensors

Built-in start-up circuitry

Three push-pull MOS outputs:

1 A output current

Low voltage drop

Built-in current limiter

Thermal protection

General purpose operational amplifier

Reset generator

Motor brake facility

Actuator driver (H-bridge current-controlled)

Power-down detector

Automatic park and brake procedure

Adjustable park voltage

Sleep mode

Speed control with Frequency-Locked Loop (FLL)

Serial port

Friction reduction prior to spin-up.

APPLICATIONS

Hard Disk Drive (HDD).

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The TDA5341 is a BiCMOS integrated circuit used to drive
brushless DC motors in full-wave mode. The device
senses the rotor position using an EMF sensing technique
and is ideally suited as a drive circuit for a hard disk drive
motor.

The TDA5341 also includes a Voice Coil Motor driver
(VCM), reset and park facilities and an accurate speed
regulator. In addition, a serial port facilitates the control of
the device.

QUICK REFERENCE DATA

Measured over full voltage and temperature range.

ORDERING INFORMATION

SYMBOL

PARAMETER

MIN.

TYP.

MAX.

UNIT

general supply voltage for logic and power

4.5

5.0

5.25

oMOT

motor output current

1.3

1.6

1.9

DS(MOT)

motor output resistance

1.1

1.56

oACT

actuator output current

0.7

1.1

1.4

DS(ACT)

actuator output resistance

2.0

2.5

TYPE

NUMBER

PACKAGE

NAME

DESCRIPTION

VERSION

TDA5341G

LQFP64

plastic low profile quad flat package; 64 leads; body 10

1.4 mm

SOT314-2

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig.1 Block diagram.

handbook, full pagewidth

MGE817

THERMAL

SWITCH

ADAPTIVE

COMMUTATION

DELAY

TIMING

OSCILLATOR

START

OSCILLATOR

BRAKE

CONTROLLER

COMMUTATION

AND

OUTPUT
DRIVING

LOGIC

POWER 1

POWER 2

POWER 3

COMPARATORS

BAND GAP 2

BAND GAP 1

UNDER-VOLTAGE

DETECTOR

POLES

DIVIDER

SERIAL

PORT

PROGRAMMING

FREQUENCY

DIVIDER

DIGITAL

FREQUENCY

COMPARATOR

BRAKE

AFTER PARK

CHARGE

PUMP

SENSE

AMPLIFIER

VCM

H-BRIDGE

VCM

PREAMPLIFIER

CURRENT

LIMIT

CONTROL

AMPLIFIER

UPPER VOLTAGE

CONVERTER

TDA5341

park

fill

sleep

brake

PRESET

MOT1

MOT2

MOT3

MOT0

CLAMP1

CLAMP2

UVDIN1

UVDIN2

BRAKEDELAY

AMPOUT

AMPIN

FILTER

SENSEOUT

SENSEIN

VCM

FB1

FB2

RESETOUT

CAPXA

CAPXB

CAPYA

CAPYB

CNTRL

CAPCPC

ILIM

CAPCP

FREDENA

TESTIN

CAPCDM

CAPCDS

CAPTI

CAPST

FMOT

CLOCK

DATA

ENABLE

RESET

ROSC

DPULSE

RETRACT

VCMIN1

VCMIN2

Vref

GAINSEL

BRAKE

VEED

VEE1

VEE2

VEE3

VEE4

VEE

VDD1

VDD2

VDD3

VDD

VDDD

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

PINNING

SYMBOL

PIN

DESCRIPTION

CAPST

external capacitor for starting oscillator

CAPTI

external capacitor for timer circuit

CLAMP1

external capacitor used to park the heads; must be externally connected to CLAMP2

AMPOUT

uncommitted operational amplifier output

AMPIN

uncommitted operational amplifier invert input

AMPIN+

uncommitted operational amplifier direct input

MOT0

motor centre tap input

MOT2

motor driver output 2

FREDENA

friction reduction mode enable input (active HIGH)

frequency generator (tacho) output

BRAKE

brake input command (active LOW)

TESTIN

test input for power output switch-off (active HIGH)

TP1

test purpose 1 (should be left open-circuit)

EE1

ground for the spindle motor drivers

GAINSEL

VCM gain adjustment input (switch ON when GAINSEL is LOW)

general power supply

general ground

CAPCDM

external capacitor for adaptive commutation delay (master)

CAPCDS

external capacitor for adaptive commutation delay (slave)

PRESET

set the motor drivers into a fixed state: MOT1 = F (floating), MOT2 = L, MOT3 = H

MOT3

motor driver output 3

CAPCPC

frequency compensation of the current control

ILIM

current limit control input

CNTRL

motor control

DD1

power supply 1 for the spindle motor drivers

CLAMP2

external capacitor used to park the heads; must be externally connected to CLAMP1

CAPCP

external capacitor for the charge pump output

FB1

output of the VCM preamplifiers

FB2

switchable output of the VCM preamplifier

RETRACT

park input command (active LOW)

EE3

ground 3 for the actuator driver

FILTER

charge pump output to be connected to an external filter

CMIN1

VCM voltage control input

CMIN2

switchable VCM voltage control input

DPULSE

data pulse input of the frequency comparator of the speed control

ref

voltage reference input

VCM+

positive output of the VCM amplifier

DATA

input data of the serial port (active HIGH)

CLOCK

clock input signal to shift DATA into SERIALIN register (active HIGH)

DD3

power supply 3 for the actuator driver

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

DDD

digital power supply

ENABLE

enable input; enables the serial port, i.e. allows DATA to be shifted in (active LOW)

RESETOUT

under-voltage detector output flag (active LOW)

UVDIN1

external capacitor for the RESETOUT duration

VCM

negative output of the VCM amplifier

BRAKEDELAY

delay control input for brake after park

TP2

test purpose 2 (should be left open-circuit)

ROSC

reference oscillator input for motor speed control

EE4

ground 4 for the actuator driver

EED

digital ground

SENSEIN

inverting input of the VCM sense amplifier

SENSEN+

non-inverting input of the VCM sense amplifier

SENSEOUT

output of the VCM sense amplifier

UVDIN2

external voltage reference for the under-voltage detector

EE2

ground 2 for the spindle motor drivers

TP3

test purpose 3 (should be left open-circuit)

RESET

reset input; forces all bits of the SERIALIN register to 0 (active HIGH)

FMOT

tachometer output (one pulse per mechanical revolution)

CAPXB

external capacitor for the charge pump output

MOT1

motor driver output 1

CAPXA

external capacitor for the charge pump output

CAPYA

external capacitor for the charge pump output

CAPYB

external capacitor for the charge pump output

DD2

power supply for the spindle motor drivers

SYMBOL

PIN

DESCRIPTION

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

The TDA5341 offers a sensorless three-phase motor
full-wave drive function. The device also offers protected
outputs capable of handling high currents and can be used
with star or delta connected motors.

The TDA5341 can easily be adapted for different motors
and applications.

The TDA5341 offers the following features:

Sensorless commutation by using the motor EMF

Built-in start-up circuit

Optimum commutation, independent of motor type or
motor loading

Built-in flyback diodes

Three-phase full-wave drive

High output current (1.3 A)

Low MOS R

DSon

)

Outputs protected by current limitation and thermal
protection of each output transistor

Low current consumption

Additional uncommitted operational amplifier

H-bridge actuator driver current controlled with an
external series sense resistor

Automatic retract procedure

Adjustable park voltage

Sleep mode

Automatic brake (after park) procedure

Speed control based on FLL technique

Serial port DATAIN (24 bits)

Friction reduction prior to spin-up.

TDA5341 modes description

The TDA5341 can be used in two main modes, depending
on whether they are controlled or not.

The `controlled modes' (user commands) are executed by
the TDA5341 without delay or priority treatment, either by
software via the serial port or by hardware. BRAKE is a
hardware command whereas RETRACT can be controlled
in both ways. If it is preferable to control the heads parking
via the serial bus, the equivalent pin can be left
open-circuit.

The sleep mode is controlled by software only; it results
from the combination of the spindle and actuator being
disabled. The spindle is turned off by bit SPINDLE
DISABLE, whereas the actuator is disabled towards bit
VCM DISABLE of the serial port (see Section "Serial
port"). In addition, a special spin-up mode can be activated
in the event of high head stiction

The `uncontrolled modes' only result from different failures
caused by either a too high internal temperature or an
abnormally low power voltage, which will cause the
actuator to retract and, after the spindle, to brake.
The output signals mainly affected by those failures are
RESETOUT, MOT1, 2 and 3, VCM+ and VCM

. This is

summarised in Tables 1 and 2.

Table 1

Summary of controlled modes

HARDWARE/

SOFTWARE

MODE

MOT1, 2 AND 3

VCM+ AND

VCM

RESETOUT

EFFECT

Software

spindle disable

high impedance

HIGH

spindle off

Software

VCM disable

not affected

high impedance

HIGH

spindle on; VCM off

Hardware

brake

LOW

not affected

HIGH

spindle coils ground

Software/
hardware

retract

not affected

VCM

= 0.65 V;

VCM+ = 0 V

HIGH

heads parked

Hardware

friction reduction

not affected

HIGH

heads in vibration

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

Table 2

Summary of uncontrolled modes

FAILURE

MOT1, 2 AND 3

VCM+ AND VCM

RESETOUT

EFFECT

Thermal
shut-down

high impedance

LOW

VCM

= 0.65 V;

VCM+ = 0 V

LOW

automatic park and brake

Voltage
shut-down

high impedance

LOW

VCM

= 0.65 V;

VCM+ = 0 V

LOW

automatic park and brake

Controlled modes

PINDLE DISABLE

The spindle circuitry is switched off when bit 23 (SPINDLE
DISABLE) of the serial port is pulled HIGH. In that mode,
the reference band gap generator is cut off so that all
internal current sources are disabled. Both the spindle and
actuator outputs will be set to the high impedance state
because the upper converter is also turned off.

It should be noted that the uncommitted operational
amplifier is also disabled in that mode.

VCM

DISABLE

The actuator will be disabled when bit 22 (VCM DISABLE)
is set to logic 1; the spindle circuitry is not affected in that
mode. The retract circuitry also remains active, so that the
heads can be parked although the VCM is disabled. In that
mode, the current consumption can be reduced by

4 mA.

LEEP MODE

The sleep mode is obtained by pulling both the SPINDLE
and VCM DISABLE bits of the serial port HIGH. The power
monitor circuitry only remains active in sleep mode.

ETRACT

Retract is activated by pulling either bit 21 (PARK) HIGH
or RETRACT (pin 30) LOW. When RETRACT is set LOW,
a voltage of 0.65 V is applied to pin VCM

for parking.

It should be noted that the park voltage can be made
adjustable by changing one of the interconnect masks.
Accordingly, some different voltages, varying from
0.2 to 1.2 V, can quickly be obtained on customer
demand. This mode does not affect the control of the
spindle rotation.

RAKE MODE

The brake mode is activated by pulling BRAKE (pin 11)
LOW. When a voltage of less than 0.8 V is applied to pin
BRAKE, the 3 motor outputs are short-circuited to ground,
which results in a quick reduction of the speed until the
motor stops completely.

RICTION REDUCTION

Pulling FREDENA HIGH activates the friction reduction
mode of the TDA5341. In that mode, a clock signal fed via
pin TESTIN will cause the MOT outputs to sequentially
switch-on and switch-off at the same frequency and, as a
result, generate an AC spindle torque high enough to
overcome the head stiction.

Before start-up, the head stiction might be higher than
normal due to condensation between the head(s) and the
disk(s). Normal spin-up is not possible when this friction
torque is higher than the start-up torque of the spindle
motor. Spin-up is then only possible after friction has been
reduced by breaking the head(s) free. Bringing a static
friction system into mechanical resonance is an effective
method to break static friction head(s) free.

The resonance frequency is:

Where:

C = Stiffness of the head-spring(s) in direction of disk(s)
rotation, (N/m)

J = Inertia of the disk(s), (kg/m

The external clock input frequency must be:

A burst of n

6 clock pulse will bring the system into

resonance and break the heads free (n > 2). Once the
heads have been broken free, the normal spin-up
procedure can be applied.

It should be noted that the clock frequency must be smaller
than 40000/CAPCDM (nF).

res

-------

0.5

----

clk

-------

0.5

----

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

Uncontrolled modes

OWER SHUT

DOWN

If the power supply decreases to less than the voltage
threshold determined by the ratio between R1 and R2
connected to UVDIN2 (see Fig.8) (for more than 1

s), the

TDA5341 will issue a reset (RESETOUT goes LOW) and
the following operation will start:

Firstly, the MOT outputs are switched to the high
impedance state so as to get back the rectified EMF
issued from the motor itself. At the same time, the
voltage upper converter is cut off in order to preserve the
voltage on the charge pump capacitance at CAPCP.
The energy supplied in that way is then used to park the
heads in a safe position

Secondly, after a certain period of time, depending on
the RC constant of the device connected to
BRAKEDELAY, the lower MOS drivers will be turned on
in order to stop the motor completely.

HERMAL SHUT

DOWN

Should the temperature of the chip exceed +140

C, a

shut-down operation will also be processed. The actions
described for power shut-down will be sequenced in the
same manner.

PINDLE SECTION

(see Fig.1)

Full-wave driving of a three-phase motor requires three
push-pull output stages. In each of the six possible states
two outputs are active, one sourcing current and one
sinking current. The third output presents a high
impedance to the motor which enables measurement of
the motor EMF in the corresponding motor coil by the EMF
comparator at each output. The commutation logic is
responsible for control of the output transistors and
selection of the correct EMF comparator.

The zero-crossing in the motor EMF (detected by the
comparator selected by the commutation logic) is used to
calculate the correct moment for the next commutation, i.e.
the change to the next output state. The delay is calculated
(depending on the motor loading) by the adaptive
commutation delay block.

Because of high inductive loading the output stages
contain flyback diodes. The output stages are also
protected by a current limiting circuit and by thermal
protection of the six output transistors.

The zero-crossings can be used to provide speed
information such as the tacho signal (FG).

The system will only function when the EMF voltage from
the motor is present. Consequently, a start oscillator is
provided that will generate commutation pulses when no
zero-crossings in the motor voltage are available.

A timing function is incorporated into the device for internal
timing and for timing of the reverse rotation detection.

The TDA5341 also contains a control amplifier, directly
driving output amplifiers.

The TDA5341 also provides access to the user of some of
its internal test modes. Firstly, a PRESET mode can be
used for prepositioning the three motor output drivers into
a fixed state. By pulling pin PRESET to 0.75 V above V

MOT3 goes HIGH, MOT2 goes LOW and MOT1 goes to
the high impedance state.

In addition, when TESTIN is pulled HIGH (provided that
FREDENA is LOW), the 3 motor output drivers are
switched off. It should be noted that RESETOUT goes
LOW in that particular event.

Adjustments

The system has been designed in such a way that the
tolerances of the application components are not critical.
However, the approximate values of the following
components must still be determined:

The start capacitor; this determines the frequency of the
start oscillator

The two capacitors in the adaptive commutation delay
circuit; these are important in determining the optimum
moment for commutation, depending on the type and
loading of the motor

The timing capacitor; this provides the system with its
timing signals.

The start capacitor (CAPST)

This capacitor determines the frequency of the start
oscillator. It is charged and discharged, with a current of
5.5

A, from 0.05 to 2.2 V and back to 0.05 V. The time

taken to complete one cycle is given by:

start

= (0.78

C); where C is given in

The start oscillator is reset by a commutation pulse and so
is only active when the system is in the start-up mode.
A pulse from the start oscillator will cause the outputs to
change to the next state (torque in the motor). If the
movement of the motor generates enough EMF the
TDA5341 will run the motor.

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

If the amount of EMF generated is insufficient, then the
motor will move one step only and will oscillate in its new
position. The amplitude of the oscillation must decrease
sufficiently before the arrival of the next start pulse, to
prevent the pulse arriving during the wrong phase of the
oscillation. The oscillation of the motor is given by:

Where:

= torque constant (N.m/A)

I = current (A)

p = number of magnetic pole-pairs

J = inertia J (kg/m

Example: J = 6.34

kg/m

, K = 4.5

N.m/A,

p = 6 and I = 0.48 A; thus f

osc

= 22.7 Hz. Without

damping, a start frequency of 48.4 Hz can be chosen or
t = 24 ms, thus C = 0.024/0.78 = 0.031

F, (choose

33 nF).

The Adaptive Commutation Delay
(CAPCDM and CAPCDS)

In this circuit capacitor CAPCDM is charged during one
commutation period, with an interruption of the charging
current during the diode pulse.

osc

0.5

--------

----

1
2

---

During the next commutation period this capacitor
(CAPCDM) is discharged at twice the charging current.
The charging current is 10

A and the discharging current

A; the voltage range is from 0.87 to 2.28 V.

The voltage must stay within this range at the lowest
commutation frequency of interest, f

Where C is in nF.

If the frequency is lower, then a constant commutation
delay after the zero-crossing is generated by the discharge
from 2.28 to 0.87 V at 20

Maximum delay = (0.070

C) ms: Where C is in nF.

Example: nominal commutation frequency is 3240 Hz and
the lowest usable frequency is 1600 Hz, thus
CAPCDM = 7092/1600 = 4.43 (choose 4.7 nF)

The other capacitor, CAPCDS, is used to repeat the same
delay by charging and discharging with 20

A. The same

value can be chosen as for CAPCDM. Figure 3 illustrates
typical voltage waveforms.

1.41

------------------------

7092

-------------

Fig.3 CAPCDM and CAPCDS voltage waveforms in normal running mode.

handbook, full pagewidth

MGE820

voltage
on CAPCDS

voltage
on CAPCDM

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

The Timing Capacitor (CAPTI)

Capacitor CAPTI is used for timing the successive steps
within one commutation period; these steps include some
internal delays.

The most important function is the watchdog time in which
the motor EMF has to recover from a negative diode pulse
back to a positive EMF voltage (or vice-versa). A watchdog
timer is a guarding function that only becomes active when
the expected event does not occur within a predetermined
time.

The EMF usually recovers within a short time if the motor
is running normally (<<ms). However, if the motor is
motionless or rotating in the reverse direction, then the
time can be longer (>>ms).

A watchdog time must be chosen so that it is long enough
for a motor without EMF (still) and eddy currents that may
stretch the voltage in a motor winding. However, it must be
short enough to detect reverse rotation. If the watchdog
time is made too long, then the motor may run in the wrong
direction (with little torque).

The capacitor is charged, with a current of 60

A, from

0.03 to 0.3 V. Above this level it is charged, with a current
of 5

A, up to 2.2 V only if the selected motor EMF remains

in the wrong polarity (watchdog function). At the end, or, if
the motor voltage becomes positive, the capacitor is
discharged with a current of 30

A. The watchdog time is

the time taken to charge the capacitor, with a current of
5

A, from 0.3 to 2.2 V. The value of CAPTI is given by:

Where: C is in nF and t is in ms.

Example: If, after switching off, the voltage from a motor
winding is reduced, in 3.5 ms, to within 10 mV (the offset
of the EMF comparator), then the value of the required
timing capacitor is given by:

C = 2.63

3.5 = 9.2 (choose 10 nF)

Typical voltage waveforms are illustrated by Fig.4.

1.9

--------

2.63t

Fig.4 Typical CAPTI and V

MOT1

voltage waveforms in normal running mode.

If the chosen value of CAPTI is too small, then oscillations can occur in certain positions of a blocked rotor. If the chosen value is too large, then it is
possible that the motor may run in the reverse direction (synchronously with little torque).

handbook, full pagewidth

MGE821

voltage
on CAPTI

VMOT1

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

Other design aspects

There are other design aspects concerning the application
of the TDA5341 besides the commutation function.
They are as follows:

Generation of the tacho signal FG

Motor control

Current limiting

Thermal protection.

FG signal

The FG signal is generated in the TDA5341 by using the
zero-crossing of the motor EMF from the three motor
windings and the commutation signal.

Output FG switches from HIGH-to-LOW on all
zero-crossings and LOW-to-HIGH on all commutations
and can source more than 40

A and sink more than

1.6 mA.

Example: A three-phase motor with 6 magnetic pole-pairs
at 1500 rpm and with a full-wave drive has a commutation
frequency of 25

6 = 900 Hz and generates a tacho

signal of 900 Hz.

Motor control

Figure 5 shows the spindle transconductance by giving the
relative output current as a function of the voltage applied
to pin CNTRL.

handbook, halfpage

MGE822

100

control voltage (V)

(% of Imax)

Fig.5 Output current control.

Current limiting

Outputs MOT1 to MOT3 are protected against high
currents in two ways; current limiting of the `lower' output
transistor and current limiting of the `upper' one.
This means that the current from and to the output stages
is limited.

It is possible to adjust the limiting current externally by
using an external resistor connected between pin ILIM and
ground, the value is determined by the formula:

Where R = R (min.) = 19.5 k

and I

ILIM

= 1.3 A.

If R < 19.5 k

, then I

ILIM

is internally limited for device

protection purposes.

Thermal protection

Thermal protection of the six output transistors of the
spindle section is achieved by each transistor having a
thermal sensor that is active when the transistor is
switched on. The transistors are switched off when the
local temperature becomes too high. In that event, a
RESET is automatically generated to the external world by
pulling RESETOUT LOW.

Reset section

This circuit provides the following:

An external signal that sends a RESETOUT (active
LOW) to the disk drive circuitry at power-up and
power-down

Causes actuator to retract (PARK).

The power-up reset signal (RESETOUT) applied to
external circuits as a digital output is typically 150 ms after
power-up. In the same way, as soon as V

goes below a

threshold that is externally set (UVDIN2), RESETOUT
goes LOW. The under voltage detection threshold is
adjustable with external resistors (see Fig.8).

The reset circuitry has a minimum output pulse (100 ms)
even for brief power interruptions (higher than 1 ms).
The pulse duration can be adjusted with an external
capacitor (UVDIN1).

ILIM

10020

2.54

-----------

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

The power for retraction is received from the rectification
of the EMF of the spindle before it is spun down.
After retraction, a brake procedure is automatically settled.
The time needed for retraction, prior to braking, can be
precisely adjusted with the external RC device connected
to pin BRAKEDELAY. The discharge of the capacitance
across the resistance from V

0.7 V down to 1 V will

provide the desired time constant.

Actuator section

The actuator driver has a control input voltage that is
proportional to the actuator current which is capable of a
closed-loop band-pass frequency higher than 10 kHz.

An operational amplifier input allows passive external
components for compensation and gain setting.
The compensation amplifier is able to be pulled out of a
saturation state within 5

s and its output swing is

1.5 V.

An actuator current-sense amplifier is provided for use by
the disc drive controller. The gain from current-sense
resistor to sense the amplifier output is typically 10 (

3%)

and the output voltage swing is

1.25 V. An input common

mode range insures operation through all normal coil
voltage excursions. Maximum recovery time from
saturation is 20

s (typ.).

RANSFER FUNCTION

With GAINSEL = HIGH; R

= R

IN1

With GAINSEL = LOW;

Fig.6 VCM section application diagram.

handbook, full pagewidth

VCMIN2

RIN1

CL2

CL1

RIN2

VCMIN1

Vref

GAINSEL

input

FB2

FB1

actuator

VCM

SENSEIN

VCM

SENSEIN

SENSEOUT

PREAMP

SENSE

AMP

OUTPUT

GAIN 11

TDA5341

MGE825

VCM

110

(

)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

IN1

IN2

IN1

IN2

------------------------------

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

Speed control function

Speed control is efficiently achieved by the
frequency-locked loop circuitry which is enabled by bit D20
of the CONTROL register.

Its aim is to keep the tachometer signal set to a reference
programmed by the user via the serial port (see Section
"Serial port").

The FLL operates as follows:

When power is first applied to the circuit, the FILTER pin is
pulled HIGH so that maximum output current can be
sourced for optimum torque.

FG pulses will appear rapidly so as to provide a `clean'
clock signal (FMOT) that will issue one pulse per
mechanical revolution. This may be used for speed
regulation, by re-entering the signal through the DPULSE
pin. Then, after it has been synchronised to the ROSC
clock, it is compared to an accurate reference derived from
the ROSC clock and programmed by the user via the serial
port. The resulting variation in frequency generates a
speed error term that will switch a charge-pump up or
down in order to charge or discharge an external RC filter
(FILTER). The voltage at the FILTER pin is then used as
an input to the current control amplifier that regulates the
current in both upper and lower NMOS transistors.

A velocity regulation based upon (maximum) one
corrective action per mechanical revolution may be
considered insufficient in some applications. That is the
reason why the second input of the FLL circuitry was
intentionally left open-circuit and directly accessible to the
external world via pin DPULSE. In that way, total freedom
is given to the user to use any signal coming out of the
microcontroller in order to regulate the motor velocity with
a finer accuracy.

Moreover, a mixed regulation is also possible: firstly,
the FMOT signal is fed via DPULSE into the FLL circuitry
and then once data is read out off the disc, it is switched to
another clock signal with a higher frequency than FMOT.
Simultaneously, a new division factor is programmed via
the serial port.

It should be noted that there is no need for external
synchronization. However, it is recommended to change
the division factor and the DPULSE clock rate during the
period when FMOT is HIGH.

Serial port

The serial port operates as follows:

When ENABLE is HIGH, the serial port is disabled, which
means the TDA5341 functions regardless of any change
at pins DATA and CLOCK.

When ENABLE is set LOW some set-up time before the
falling edge of CLOCK, the serial port is enabled, i. e. data
is serially shifted into the 24-bit shift register on the falling
edge of the CLOCK signal. The least significant bit
(LSB = DATA 0) is the first in, DATA(23) the MSB is the
last in.

When ENABLE goes HIGH, the contents of the shift
register are loaded into the internal fixed register
(CONTROL register), it will not change until the next rising
edge of ENABLE.

It should be noted that when RESET goes HIGH it will
force all bits of the shift register and the control register to
logic 0. However, there is no reset effect on both power-up
and power-down i.e there is no correlation between
RESET and RESETOUT.

CLOCK can be stopped (either in the HIGH or LOW state)
once RESET or ENABLE have been asserted.

The 24-bit control register is organized as follows:

D23: SPINDLE DISABLE

When LOW, the spindle circuitry is enabled

D22: VCM DISABLE

When LOW, the actuator circuitry is enabled

D21: PARK

When HIGH, it enables the head retraction. This has

the same effect as pin RETRACT pulled LOW

D20: FLL ENABLE

When HIGH, it closes the complete speed regulation

loop

When LOW, it will set the output of the charge pump

(FILTER) to the high impedance state

D19 and D18

The combination of these bits fixes the division factor

to apply on the FG signal with respect to the number
of poles.

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

Table 3

Division factor

D17 to D0

These bits program the division factor to apply to the
ROSC signal so as to generate a reference that will
precisely control the spindle rotation;

The division factor can range from 8 (DIV = 1) to

1] = 2097144 (DIV = 3FFFF)

The relationship between this division factor, ROSC

and the motor frequency is as follows:

DIVISION FACTOR = 7.5

ROSC/MOTOR speed

where the MOTOR speed is given in rpm and ROSC
in Hz.

D19

D18

POLE PAIRS

Example: for a motor speed of 3600 rpm and a reference
oscillation ROSC of 16 MHz, the division factor that has to
be programmed via the bus, will be:

The resulting error will be less than 0.04 rpm.

DIV

7.5

3600

------------------------

33333

LIMITING VALUES

In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134).

HANDLING

Every pin withstands the ESD test in accordance with MIL-STD-883C. Method 3015 (HBM 1900

, 100 pF) 3 pulses

positive and 3 pulses negative on each pin with reference to ground. Class 1 : 0 to 1999 V.

THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS

SYMBOL

PARAMETER

MIN.

MAX.

UNIT

positive supply voltage

5.5

input voltage (all pins)

0.3

+ 0.3 V

60,8,21

output voltage pins MOT1, MOT2 and MOT3

0.25

+5.5

45,37,53

output voltage pins VCM

, VCM+ and SENSEOUT

0.7

+ 0.7 V

1,2,18,19

input voltage pins CAPST, CAPTI, CAPCDM and CAPCDS

2.5

stg

IC storage temperature

+150

amb

operating ambient temperature

+70

tot

total power dissipation

see Fig.7

SYMBOL

PARAMETER

VALUE

UNIT

th j-a

thermal resistance from junction to ambient in free air

K/W

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

CHARACTERISTICS (SPINDLE FUNCTION)

= 5 V; V

DD1

and V

DD2

> V

is not allowed; T

amb

= 25

C; unless otherwise specified.

SYMBOL

PARAMETER

CONDITIONS

MIN.

TYP.

MAX.

UNIT

Supply

general supply voltage

4.5

5.0

5.25

DD1

supply voltage 1 for the spindle
motor drivers

4.5

5.0

5.25

DD2

supply voltage 2 for the spindle
motor drivers

4.5

5.0

5.25

DD3

supply voltage for the actuator
driver

4.5

5.0

5.25

general supply current

q(sm)

quiescent current in sleep mode

1.4

Thermal protection

local temperature at temperature
sensor causing shut-down

130

140

150

reduction in temperature before
switch-on

after shut-down

test pin switch-off voltage

2.5

Fig.7 Power derating curve.

handbook, halfpage

150

Ptot

(W)

MGE823

100

Tamb (

(1)

(2)

SAFE

OPERATING

AREA

(1) T

j(max)

= 130

(2) T

j(max)

= 150

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

MOT0

input voltage level

0.3

1.7 V

bias

input bias current

CSW

comparator switching voltage level

note 1

6.8

9.2

11.6

CWS

variation in comparator switching
voltage levels within one IC

3.4

+3.4

MOT1, MOT2 and MOT3; pins 60, 8 and 21

drop-out voltage

= 250 mA

0.34

= 250 mA;

amb

= 70

0.39

output rise time

from 0.2 to 0.8V

output fall time

from 0.8 to 0.2V

Output current limiting circuit; V

ILIM

= 5 V; pin 23

ILIM

limiting current (estimation)

ILIM

= 20 k

1.15

1.25

1.35

ILIM

input voltage

ILIM

= 100

2.43

2.51

2.60

ILIM(CR)

limiting current control range
(estimation)

0.01

1.3

Output current control circuit; pin 24

CNTRL

input voltage level

CPC

control loop stability capacitor

100

CAPCPC; pin 22

o(sink)

output sink current

o(source)

output source current

5.5

3.5

1.5

CAPCP; pin 27

extCP

external output capacitor for the
charge pump

note 2

o(sink)

output sink current

= 0 V;

clamp

= 1.2 V

2.5

charge pump voltage

9.0

9.9

10.8

CAPST; pin 1

o(sink)

output sink current

4.5

6.0

7.5

o(source)

output source current

7.0

5.5

4.0

SW(L)

lower switching level

0.20

SW(M)

middle switching level

0.30

SW(H)

upper switching level

2.20

SYMBOL

PARAMETER

CONDITIONS

MIN.

TYP.

MAX.

UNIT

ILIM

10000

----------------

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

Notes

1. Switching levels with respect to MOT1, MOT2 and MOT3.

2. CAPCP value is dependant of the powerless park and brake operations.

CAPTI; pin 2

o(sink)

output sink current

oH(source)

HIGH level output source current

oL(source)

LOW level lower source current

7.5

5.0

2.5

SW(L)

lower switching level

SW(M)

middle switching level

0.3

SW(H)

upper switching level

2.2

CAPCDM; pin 18

o(sink)

output sink current

o(source)

output source current

13.5

6.5

sink

source

ratio of sink-to-source current

2.2

2.0

1.8

LOW level input voltage

0.82

0.87

0.92

HIGH level input voltage

2.20

2.28

2.37

CAPCDS; pin 19

o(sink)

output sink current

o(source)

output source current

sink

source

ratio of sink-to-source current

1.1

1.0

0.9

LOW level input voltage

0.82

0.87

0.92

HIGH level input voltage

2.20

2.28

2.37

FG; pin 10

LOW level output voltage

= 0

0.5

LOW level output current

= 1 V

3.3

5.3

HIGH level output current

= 4.5 V

ratio of FG frequency and
commutation frequency

duty factor

BRAKE; pin 11

normal mode current

= 2.8 V

normal mode voltage

2.65

brake mode voltage

2.35

brake mode current

Upper converter; pins 61 and 62

external pump capacitor pin 61

external pump capacitor pin 62

SYMBOL

PARAMETER

CONDITIONS

MIN.

TYP.

MAX.

UNIT

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

CHARACTERISTICS (RESET FUNCTION)

= 5 V; V

DD1

and V

DD2

> V

is not allowed; T

amb

= 25

C; unless otherwise specified.

SYMBOL

PARAMETER

CONDITIONS

MIN.

TYP.

MAX.

UNIT

UVDIN1; pin 44

UVDIN1

load capacitance current to
control the reset pulse width

2.3

1.7

1.3

UVDIN1

input voltage threshold to
activate the reset output

2.4

2.55

2.75

UVDIN2; pin 54

UVDIN2

comparator voltage for
power-up and power-down
detection

see Fig.8

1.280

1.315

1.340

UVDIN2

input current

UVDIN2

= 1.6 V

0.5

+0.5

RESETOUT; pin 43

PTH

power threshold voltage

see Fig.9

4.25

dPU

power-up reset delay

C = 0.1

see Fig.9

100

150

200

dPD

power-down reset delay

see Fig.9

PDW

power-down reset pulse width

see Fig.9

1.0

W(min)

minimum output pulse width

C = 0.1

100

pull-up resistance

LOW level output voltage

= 8.5 mA

0.5

Fig.8 Reset mode threshold.

handbook, halfpage

MGE818

VDD

UVDIN2

under-voltage threshold

1.32

(

)

-----------------------------

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

CHARACTERISTICS (VCM FUNCTION)

= 5 V; V

DD1

and V

DD2

> V

is not allowed; T

amb

= 25

C; unless otherwise specified.

SYMBOL

PARAMETER

CONDITIONS

MIN.

TYP.

MAX.

UNIT

SENSEIN

and SENSEIN+; pins 51 and 52

common input sense voltage

iSENSE

input sense current

250

+250

SENSEOUT; pin 53

SENSE

differential output voltage

ref

= 1.9 to 2.6 V

0.5

ref

1.25

4.0

oSENSE

output sense current

250

+250

SENSE

sense amplifier gain

9.9

10.2

10.5

cross-over frequency

MHz

o(os)

output offset voltage

SENSEIN

= 0

+66

RSA

recovery time from saturation

ref

; pin 36

ref

reference input voltage

1.9

2.6

ref

reference input current

Fig.9 Reset mode timing.

handbook, full pagewidth

MGE819

VDD

VPTH

VOH

VOL

VDD

RESETOUT

tdPU

tdPD

tW(min)

tPDW

1.2

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

VCM+ and VCM

; pins 37 and 45

CMdo

drop-out voltage

= 400 mA

0.8

1.0

oLIM

output current limiting

0.7

1.15

1.5

power amplifier voltage gain

oPARK

output park voltage

= 40

; note 1

0.75

VCMIN1 and VCMIN2

input voltage level

1.9

2.6

ibias

input bias current

0.25

i(os)

input offset current

GAINSEL; pin 15

HIGH level input voltage

LOW level input voltage

0.8

HIGH level input current

+10

LOW level input current

+10

switch resistance

GAINSEL = LOW

GAINSEL = HIGH

FB1 and FB2; pins 28 and 29

i(os)

input offset voltage

feed-back differential output
voltage

= 5.25 V

0.4

0.45

cross-over frequency

MHz

oFB

feed-back output current

250

+250

RSB

recovery time from saturation

switch resistance

GAINSEL = LOW

GAINSEL = HIGH

RETRACT; pin 30

HIGH level input voltage

LOW level input voltage

0.8

HIGH level input current

+10

LOW level input current

+10

BRAKEDELAY; pin 46

brake mode threshold voltage

0.75

1.0

normal mode voltage

0.85

SYMBOL

PARAMETER

CONDITIONS

MIN.

TYP.

MAX.

UNIT

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

Note

1. This is the PARK default value. Other values can be obtained with a metal mask change.

CHARACTERISTICS (SPEED CONTROL FUNCTION)

= 5 V; V

DD1

and V

DD2

> V

is not allowed; T

amb

= 25

C; unless otherwise specified.

Uncommitted operational amplifier; pins 4 to 6

i(os)

input offset voltage

3.5

+3.5

i(bias)

input bias current

250

+250

i(os)

input offset current

common mode voltage

1.7

2.6

open loop gain

cross-over frequency

MHz

LOW level output voltage

= 250

0.7

HIGH level output voltage

250

4.3

SYMBOL

PARAMETER

CONDITIONS

MIN.

TYP.

MAX.

UNIT

FILTER; pin 32

o(sink)

output sink current

100

120

o(source)

output source current

110

sink

source

ratio of sink-to-source current

0.9

1.1

1.2

charge pump leakage current

DATA, RESET and ENABLE; pins 38, 57 and 42

LOW level input voltage

0.8

HIGH level input voltage

2.4

input current

CLOCK; pin 39

LOW level input voltage

0.8

HIGH level input voltage

2.4

clk

clock frequency

MHz

ROSC; pin 48

LOW level input voltage

0.8

HIGH level input voltage

2.4

refOSC

reference oscillator frequency

MHz

DPULSE; pin 35

LOW level input voltage

0.8

HIGH level input voltage

2.4

DPULSE

data pulse frequency

MHz

SYMBOL

PARAMETER

CONDITIONS

MIN.

TYP.

MAX.

UNIT

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

SOLDERING

Introduction

There is no soldering method that is ideal for all IC
packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when
through-hole and surface mounted components are mixed
on one printed-circuit board. However, wave soldering is
not always suitable for surface mounted ICs, or for
printed-circuits with high population densities. In these
situations reflow soldering is often used.

This text gives a very brief insight to a complex technology.
A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in
our

"IC Package Databook" (order code 9398 652 90011).

Reflow soldering

Reflow soldering techniques are suitable for all LQFP
packages.

Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of
fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be applied
to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling or
pressure-syringe dispensing before package placement.

Several techniques exist for reflowing; for example,
thermal conduction by heated belt. Dwell times vary
between 50 and 300 seconds depending on heating
method. Typical reflow temperatures range from
215 to 250

Preheating is necessary to dry the paste and evaporate
the binding agent. Preheating duration: 45 minutes at
45

Wave soldering

Wave soldering is not recommended for LQFP packages.
This is because of the likelihood of solder bridging due to
closely-spaced leads and the possibility of incomplete
solder penetration in multi-lead devices.

If wave soldering cannot be avoided, the following
conditions must be observed:

A double-wave (a turbulent wave with high upward
pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave)
soldering technique should be used.

The footprint must be at an angle of 45

to the board

direction and must incorporate solder thieves
downstream and at the side corners.

Even with these conditions, do not consider wave
soldering LQFP packages LQFP48 (SOT313-2),
LQFP64 (SOT314-2) or LQFP80 (SOT315-1).

During placement and before soldering, the package must
be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. The adhesive can be
applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe
dispensing. The package can be soldered after the
adhesive is cured.

Maximum permissible solder temperature is 260

C, and

maximum duration of package immersion in solder is
10 seconds, if cooled to less than 150

C within

6 seconds. Typical dwell time is 4 seconds at 250

A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal
of corrosive residues in most applications.

Repairing soldered joints

Fix the component by first soldering two diagonally-
opposite end leads. Use only a low voltage soldering iron
(less than 24 V) applied to the flat part of the lead. Contact
time must be limited to 10 seconds at up to 300

C. When

using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be soldered in
one operation within 2 to 5 seconds between
270 and 320

1997 Jul 10

Philips Semiconductors

Product specification

Brushless DC motor and VCM drive circuit
with speed control

TDA5341

DEFINITIONS

LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS

These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these
products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for
use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such
improper use or sale.

Data sheet status

Objective specification

This data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development.

Preliminary specification

This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later.

Product specification

This data sheet contains final product specifications.

Limiting values

Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or
more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation
of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification
is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability.

Application information

Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification.

Internet: http://www.semiconductors.philips.com

Philips Semiconductors a worldwide company

SCA55

All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written consent of the copyright owner.

The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed
without notice. No liability will be accepted by the publisher for any consequence of its use. Publication thereof does not convey nor imply any license
under patent- or other industrial or intellectual property rights.

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Printed in The Netherlands

297027/1200/01/pp28

Date of release: 1997 Jul 10

Document order number:

9397 750 02621

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